Stewart T W
Am Fam Physician. 1979 Feb;19(2):113-9.
Pressure-volume changes associated with changing atmospheric pressure precipitate acute inflammation of the sinus and middle ear cavities, known collectively as barotrauma. Barotitis occurs during descent from high altitudes. A partial vacuum develops, manifested by a retracted tympanic membrane. Hemorrhage may occur as a consequence of the vacuum. Similar pathophysiology causes barosinusitis. While the cause of aerodontalgia is not known, pain in the teeth does occur during ascent rather than descent.
与大气压力变化相关的压力-容积变化会引发鼻窦和中耳腔的急性炎症，统称为气压伤。气压性中耳炎发生在从高海拔下降的过程中。会形成局部真空，表现为鼓膜内陷。真空可能导致出血。类似的病理生理机制会引发气压性鼻窦炎。虽然航空牙痛的病因尚不清楚，但牙痛确实发生在上升过程而非下降过程中。
