Department of Oral Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Aust Dent J. 2011 Sep;56(3):265-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2011.01340.x. Epub 2011 Jul 10.
In light of the overwhelming popularity of self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) diving, general dental practitioners should be prepared to address complications arising as a result of diving and to provide patients with accurate information. The aim of this article was to introduce the concepts of diving medicine and dentistry to the dentist, and to supply the dental practitioner with some diagnostic tools as well as treatment guidelines. The literature was reviewed to address diving barotrauma (pressure-induced injury related to an air space) to the head, face and oral regions, as well as scuba mouthpiece-related oral conditions. The relevant conditions for dentists who treat divers include diving-associated headache (migraine, tension-type headache), barosinusitis and barotitis-media (sinus and middle ear barotrauma, respectively), neuropathy, trigeminal (CN V) or facial (CN VII) nerve baroparesis (pressure-induced palsy), dental barotrauma (barometric-related tooth injury), barodontalgia (barometric-related dental pain), mouthpiece-associated herpes infection, pharyngeal gag reflex and temporomandibular joint disorder (dysfunction). For each condition, a theoretical description is followed by practical recommendations for the dental practitioner for the prevention and management of the condition.
鉴于自给式水下呼吸器 (SCUBA) 潜水的普及，普通牙医应该准备好处理因潜水而产生的并发症，并为患者提供准确的信息。本文的目的是向牙医介绍潜水医学和牙科的概念，并为牙医提供一些诊断工具和治疗指南。本文回顾了潜水气压伤（与气腔相关的压力引起的损伤）对头部、面部和口腔区域的影响，以及与 SCUBA 咬嘴相关的口腔状况。治疗潜水员的牙医需要了解的相关病症包括潜水相关性头痛（偏头痛、紧张型头痛）、气压性鼻窦炎和中耳炎（分别为鼻窦和中耳气压伤）、神经病、三叉神经（CN V）或面神经（CN VII）神经压痹（压力引起的麻痹）、牙气压伤（气压相关的牙齿损伤）、气压痛（气压相关的牙痛）、咬嘴相关的疱疹感染、咽反射和颞下颌关节紊乱（功能障碍）。对于每种病症，本文先进行理论描述，然后为牙医提供预防和管理该病症的实用建议。
