Kristensen B, Schønheyder H C
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg Hospital, Denmark.
J Med Microbiol. 1995 Jul;43(1):63-7. doi: 10.1099/00222615-43-1-63.
During 1981-1993, 229 episodes of bacteraemia due to beta-haemolytic streptococci of groups A, B, C and G were diagnosed in the County of Northern Jutland, Denmark. The annual rates for bacteraemia were quite constant during the 13-year period for each streptococcal group. Group A streptococcal (GAS) bacteraemia was the most frequent, comprising 1.4% of all bacteraemias. The incidence of GAS bacteraemia was 1.8/100,000/year in children < 5 years of age and 4.7/100,000/year in patients > 60 years old. With the notable exception of group B streptococcal (GBS) bacteraemia in neonates, beta-haemolytic streptococci of groups B, C (GCS) and G (GGS) were isolated mostly from elderly patients. Except for GBS bacteraemia in neonates, approximately one-third of the bacteraemias in each group was nosocomially acquired. Predisposing factors included operative procedures in GAS and GCS bacteraemia, and diabetes mellitus in GBS bacteraemia. The skin was the most common primary focus in GAC, GCC and GGS bacteraemias, whereas the urinary tract was the commonest focus in GBS bacteraemia in adults. The mortality rates in GAS, GCS, GGS, and adult GBS bacteraemia were 23%, 16%, 17% and 19%, respectively. Of the 23 fatal cases of GAS bacteraemia, 57% died within 24 h after blood cultures had been obtained.
1981年至1993年期间，丹麦北日德兰郡诊断出229例由A、B、C和G组β溶血性链球菌引起的菌血症。在这13年期间，每个链球菌组的菌血症年发病率相当稳定。A组链球菌（GAS）菌血症最为常见，占所有菌血症的1.4%。5岁以下儿童GAS菌血症的发病率为每年1.8/10万，60岁以上患者为每年4.7/10万。除新生儿B组链球菌（GBS）菌血症外，B、C（GCS）和G（GGS）组β溶血性链球菌大多从老年患者中分离出来。除新生儿GBS菌血症外，每组约三分之一的菌血症是医院获得性的。诱发因素包括GAS和GCS菌血症中的手术操作，以及GBS菌血症中的糖尿病。皮肤是GAC、GCC和GGS菌血症最常见的原发部位，而尿路是成人GBS菌血症最常见的原发部位。GAS、GCS、GGS和成人GBS菌血症的死亡率分别为23%、16%、17%和19%。在23例致命的GAS菌血症病例中，57%在获得血培养后24小时内死亡。
