SL Percival, Department of Pathology, Medical School, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, WV 26506-9203, USA.
Int Wound J. 2012 Feb;9(1):14-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-481X.2011.00836.x. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
The integrity of human skin is central to the prevention of infection. Acute and chronic wounds can develop when the integrity of skin as a barrier to infection is disrupted. As a multi-functional organ, skin possesses important biochemical and physical properties that influence its microbiology. These properties include a slightly acidic pH, a low moisture content, a high lipid content (which results in increased hydrophobicity) and the presence of antimicrobial peptides. Such factors have a role to play in preventing exogenous microbial colonisation and subsequent infection. In addition, the properties of skin both select for and enhance colonisation and biofilm formation by certain 'beneficial' micro-organisms. These beneficial micro-organisms can provide further protection against colonisation by potential pathogens, a process known as colonisation resistance. The aim of this paper is to summarise the microflora of skin and wounds, highlighting the role of certain micro-organisms and biofilms in associated infections.
皮肤的完整性是预防感染的核心。当皮肤作为感染屏障的完整性被破坏时，就会出现急性和慢性伤口。作为一个多功能器官，皮肤具有重要的生化和物理特性，影响其微生物学。这些特性包括略酸性的 pH 值、低水分含量、高脂质含量（导致疏水性增加）和存在抗菌肽。这些因素在防止外源性微生物定植和随后的感染中发挥作用。此外，皮肤的特性既可以选择和增强某些“有益”微生物的定植和生物膜形成。这些有益的微生物可以为定植提供进一步的保护潜在的病原体，这一过程被称为定植抵抗。本文旨在总结皮肤和伤口的微生物群，强调某些微生物和生物膜在相关感染中的作用。
