Staessen J A, Fagard R, Lijnen P, Thijs L, van Hulle S, Vyncke G, Amery A
Department of Pathophysiology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994;23 Suppl 5:S5-11. doi: 10.1097/00005344-199423005-00003.
To determine reference values for ambulatory blood pressure, a population sample of 718 subjects (20 through 88 years old) was investigated. Ambulatory blood pressure was recorded over 24 h, taking measurements at 20-min intervals from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. and at 45-min intervals from 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. Trained nurses also measured the conventional pressure at each participant's home. The ambulatory blood pressure in the 718 subjects averaged 119/71 mm Hg over 24 h, 125/76 mm Hg during the day (10 a.m.-8 p.m.), and 108/62 mm Hg at night (0 a.m.-6 a.m.). Compared with the daytime pressure, blood pressure at home was on average the same in all 718 subjects but was 3/1 mm Hg lower in 530 normotensive subjects. The 95th percentiles of the 24-h pressures were 134/85 mm Hg in 182 men below age 50, 145/87 mm Hg in 164 men aged > or = 50 years, 127/80 mm Hg in 198 women below age 50, and 141/81 mm Hg in 174 women aged > or = 50 years. In the normotensive subjects of these four strata, these percentiles were 132/82 mm Hg (n = 149), 128/80 mm Hg (n = 103), 125/79 mm Hg (n = 180), and 131/79 mm Hg (n = 98). In comparison with earlier results in a smaller sample (n = 318) from which treated patients were excluded, this analysis demonstrated consistent results in the determination of a reference frame for ambulatory monitoring. Nevertheless, the prognostic significance of such reference values needs to be established in longitudinal studies and clinical trials.
为确定动态血压的参考值，对718名受试者（年龄在20至88岁之间）的人群样本进行了调查。记录24小时动态血压，从上午8点至晚上10点每隔20分钟测量一次，从晚上10点至上午8点每隔45分钟测量一次。经过培训的护士还在每位参与者家中测量了传统血压。718名受试者的24小时动态血压平均为119/71毫米汞柱，白天（上午10点至晚上8点）为125/76毫米汞柱，夜间（凌晨0点至6点）为108/62毫米汞柱。与白天血压相比，所有718名受试者在家中的血压平均相同，但在530名血压正常的受试者中低3/1毫米汞柱。24小时血压的第95百分位数在182名50岁以下男性中为134/85毫米汞柱，在164名年龄≥50岁的男性中为145/87毫米汞柱，在198名50岁以下女性中为127/80毫米汞柱，在174名年龄≥50岁的女性中为141/81毫米汞柱。在这四个年龄段的血压正常受试者中，这些百分位数分别为132/82毫米汞柱（n = 149）、128/80毫米汞柱（n = 103）、125/79毫米汞柱（n = 180）和131/79毫米汞柱（n = 98）。与早期在一个较小样本（n = 318，排除了接受治疗的患者）中得到的结果相比，该分析在确定动态监测的参考框架方面显示出一致的结果。然而，此类参考值的预后意义需要在纵向研究和临床试验中确定。
