Niederecker M, Naber D, Riedel R, Perro C, Goebel F D
Psychiatrische Klinik, Universität München.
Nervenarzt. 1995 May;66(5):367-71.
There are numerous case reports on psychoses in AIDS patients and, although more seldom, also in HIV-positive patients in early stages of infection; however, systematic investigations on the frequency, e.g., relevant for the indication of an HIV test in psychiatric patients, are missing. For this study, 1046 HIV-positive patients were examined regarding psychoses. A total of 301 patients (28.8%) were HIV-positive but asymptomatic, and 380 patients (36.2%) had the lymphadenopathy syndrome. One hundred thirty-two patients (12.6%) suffered from an AIDS-related complex and 233 patients (22.3%) from AIDS. Of these 1046 patients, only 9 (0.9%) suffered from psychoses. One patient with a paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome was asymptomatic; one in the lymphadenopathy syndrome was manic. The other 7 patients were all in late stages of the infection. A causal relationship between HIV infection and psychosis and probable in only 3 patients. These data do not indicate a markedly elevated prevalence of psychosis in HIV-positive or AIDS patients.
有许多关于艾滋病患者精神病的病例报告，而且在感染早期的HIV阳性患者中也有此类报告，不过相对较少；然而，目前缺少关于精神病发生率的系统性调查，例如对于精神科患者进行HIV检测的指征方面的调查。在本研究中，对1046名HIV阳性患者进行了精神病方面的检查。共有301名患者（28.8%）HIV呈阳性但无症状，380名患者（36.2%）患有淋巴结病综合征。132名患者（12.6%）患有艾滋病相关综合征，233名患者（22.3%）患有艾滋病。在这1046名患者中，只有9名（0.9%）患有精神病。1名患有偏执幻觉综合征的患者无症状；1名处于淋巴结病综合征阶段的患者有躁狂症状。其他7名患者均处于感染晚期。HIV感染与精神病之间可能仅在3名患者中存在因果关系。这些数据并未表明HIV阳性患者或艾滋病患者中精神病的患病率显著升高。
