Minami Y, Taniguchi T
Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University, Japan.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1995 Apr;7(2):156-62. doi: 10.1016/0955-0674(95)80023-9.
Cytokine receptors transduce signals to the cell interior upon binding of their cognate ligands, eventually leading to cellular responses such as cellular proliferation, differentiation and other effector functions. Most of the cytokine receptors, including the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, consist of two or more distinct subunits, yet none possess any known catalytic activity such as protein tyrosine kinase activity. Significant advances have recently been made in identifying the multiple signaling molecules, including protein tyrosine kinases, that couple with the cytoplasmic regions of the IL-2 receptor, although their exact roles in cytokine signaling are still not fully understood. Another important development in the understanding of IL-2 signaling is the identification of the target genes, including nuclear proto-oncogenes. Furthermore, structure-function analyses of the components of the IL-2 receptor have enabled the dissection of multiple intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the induction of the respective target genes.
细胞因子受体在与其同源配体结合后将信号传导至细胞内部，最终导致细胞增殖、分化等细胞反应以及其他效应功能。大多数细胞因子受体，包括白细胞介素（IL）-2受体，由两个或更多不同的亚基组成，但均不具备任何已知的催化活性，如蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性。最近在鉴定与IL-2受体胞质区域偶联的多种信号分子（包括蛋白酪氨酸激酶）方面取得了重大进展，尽管它们在细胞因子信号传导中的确切作用仍未完全明了。在理解IL-2信号传导方面的另一项重要进展是鉴定了包括核原癌基因在内的靶基因。此外，对IL-2受体各组分的结构-功能分析已能够剖析导致各自靶基因诱导的多种细胞内信号通路。
