Perriello V A, Almquist J, Conkwright D, Cutter D, Gregory D, Pitrezzi M J, Roemmich J, Snyders G
Pediatric Associates of Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA.
Va Med Q. 1995 Summer;122(3):179-83, 185.
Weight loss is a part of any competitive sport which matches participants of equal weight or sports where participating at lower weights or with a thinner body habitus is considered an advantage. For some wrestlers, weight loss is excessive and often accomplished by methods that lead to loss of lean body mass and total body water. There is convincing evidence that this excessive weight loss is unhealthy for all individuals who follow these practices. Even greater harm is experienced by high school wrestlers who have not yet completed their growth and development. These health consequences include growth retardation, decreased academic performance, altered endocrine or hormonal function and damage to many vital organs. "cycling" of weight results in decrease in strength, power and endurance which would effect adversely a wrestler's likelihood of success. The VHSL has begun an educational program to inform coaches, wrestlers and parents about the hazards inherent in these weight loss practices. History suggests that education alone will not alter the present practices of weight loss. Therefore a weight management program similar to ones initiated in other states is being pursued by the VHSL. The pilot program this year is scheduled to be followed next year by a more wide-spread voluntary program across the Commonwealth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
减肥是任何一项要求参赛选手体重相当的竞技运动的一部分，或者在一些运动项目中，体重较轻或身材较瘦被视为一种优势。对于一些摔跤运动员来说，体重下降过度，而且往往是通过导致瘦体重和全身水分流失的方法来实现的。有确凿证据表明，这种过度减肥对所有采用这些做法的人来说都是不健康的。尚未完成生长发育的高中摔跤运动员受到的危害更大。这些健康后果包括生长发育迟缓、学业成绩下降、内分泌或激素功能改变以及对许多重要器官的损害。体重“循环”会导致力量、爆发力和耐力下降，这将对摔跤运动员的成功几率产生不利影响。弗吉尼亚州高中联赛（VHSL）已经启动了一项教育计划，向教练、摔跤运动员和家长宣传这些减肥做法所固有的危害。历史表明，仅靠教育并不能改变目前的减肥做法。因此，VHSL正在推行一项类似于其他州启动的体重管理计划。今年的试点项目计划明年在整个弗吉尼亚州推广一项更广泛的自愿计划。（摘要截选至250词）
