Weinroth S E, Parenti D M, Simon G L
Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20037, USA.
Infect Agents Dis. 1995 Jun;4(2):76-94.
Wasting syndrome is a common complication of HIV infection and is marked by progressive weight loss and weakness, often associated with fever and diarrhea. The pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for this syndrome are not well defined, but it is clear that this is a multifactorial process in which the relative contribution of individual etiologic factors vary among patients. Considerations include inadequate diet, malabsorptive phenomena, metabolic derangements, and cytokine activity. The onset of opportunistic infections is often accompanied by a hypermetabolic state characterized by progressive weight loss. Potential cytokines that may promote weight loss in AIDS patients include tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and alpha-interferon. At present there is no effective treatment. Multiple therapeutic methods, including enteral and parenteral alimentation, appetite stimulants, recombinant growth hormone, and cytokine modulators, are currently being explored.
消瘦综合征是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的常见并发症，其特征为进行性体重减轻和虚弱，常伴有发热和腹泻。导致该综合征的病理生理机制尚未完全明确，但显然这是一个多因素过程，其中个体病因因素的相对贡献在患者之间有所不同。需要考虑的因素包括饮食不足、吸收不良现象、代谢紊乱和细胞因子活性。机会性感染的发生通常伴随着以进行性体重减轻为特征的高代谢状态。可能促使艾滋病患者体重减轻的潜在细胞因子包括肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-6和α-干扰素。目前尚无有效的治疗方法。目前正在探索多种治疗方法，包括肠内和肠外营养、食欲刺激剂、重组生长激素和细胞因子调节剂。
