Drummond P D
Division of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia.
J Auton Nerv Syst. 1995 Apr 8;52(2-3):117-24. doi: 10.1016/0165-1838(94)00151-9.
Mechanisms of physiological gustatory sweating and flushing were investigated in 21 patients with a facial nerve lesion compromising parasympathetic outflow to the lacrimal gland, and in 13 patients undergoing diagnostic blockade of the stellate ganglion. Vascular responses and electrodermal activity (which reflects sweating) were monitored on each side of the forehead before and during gustatory stimulation with chillies or Tabasco sauce (derived from chillies). Vascular responses in the cheeks were also monitored in 14 patients with a facial nerve lesion. Sympathetic blockade increased gustatory vasodilatation but prevented gustatory sweating on the blocked side of the forehead. A facial nerve lesion did not affect gustatory sweating in the forehead or vasodilatation in the cheeks. However, a facial nerve lesion impaired vasodilatation in the forehead in all six patients who ate chillies, and also in four of five patients whose blood vessels dilated extensively on the normally-innervated side of the forehead when the patients tasted Tabasco sauce. These findings suggest that sympathetic sudomotor activity mediates physiological gustatory sweating in the forehead, whereas sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone inhibits gustatory vasodilatation in the forehead. A parasympathetic vasodilator reflex in the facial nerve contributes actively to gustatory flushing in the forehead, but some other unidentified mechanism influences vascular responses in the cheeks.
对21例因面神经损伤导致泪腺副交感神经传出受损的患者，以及13例接受星状神经节诊断性阻滞的患者，研究了生理性味觉性出汗和脸红的机制。在用辣椒或塔巴斯科辣酱油（由辣椒制成）进行味觉刺激之前和期间，监测前额两侧的血管反应和皮肤电活动（反映出汗情况）。还对14例面神经损伤患者的脸颊血管反应进行了监测。交感神经阻滞增加了味觉性血管舒张，但阻止了前额阻滞侧的味觉性出汗。面神经损伤并未影响前额的味觉性出汗或脸颊的血管舒张。然而，在所有6例吃辣椒的患者中，面神经损伤均损害了前额的血管舒张，并且在5例患者中有4例在品尝塔巴斯科辣酱油时，其前额正常神经支配侧的血管广泛扩张，面神经损伤也损害了这些患者前额的血管舒张。这些发现表明，交感神经汗腺运动活动介导前额的生理性味觉性出汗，而交感神经血管收缩张力抑制前额的味觉性血管舒张。面神经中的副交感神经血管舒张反射积极参与前额的味觉性脸红，但一些其他不明机制影响脸颊的血管反应。
