Ribaya-Mercado J D, Garmyn M, Gilchrest B A, Russell R M
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
J Nutr. 1995 Jul;125(7):1854-9. doi: 10.1093/jn/125.7.1854.
This placebo-controlled study examined in healthy women the effects of ingestion of a single large dose of beta-carotene (120 mg) on the concentrations of beta-carotene and lycopene in plasma and skin, and the effects of UV light exposure on the concentrations of beta-carotene and lycopene in the skin. Ingestion of beta-carotene increased plasma beta-carotene concentration by 127%, from 0.26 +/- 0.06 (mean +/- SEM) to 0.59 +/- 0.07 mumol/L after 1 d, and the level remained elevated at 0.54 +/- 0.11 mumol/L after 5 d. beta-Carotene in skin, analyzed after 6 d, increased by 23%, from 1.41 +/- 0.74 to 1.74 +/- 0.72 nmol/g. beta-Carotene ingestion had no effect on the lycopene concentrations of plasma (0.37 +/- 0.11 mumol/L) or skin (1.60 +/- 0.62 nmol/g). A single exposure of a small area of one volar forearm to a dose of solar-simulated light (three times the individually determined minimal erythema dose) resulted in 31 to 46% reductions in skin lycopene concentration compared with an adjacent non-exposed area. The same UV dose did not result in significant changes in skin beta-carotene concentration. We conclude that a single 120-mg dose of beta-carotene increases plasma and skin beta-carotene concentrations and has no effect on plasma and skin lycopene concentrations. The amounts of lycopene in plasma and skin are comparable to or even greater than those of beta-carotene. When skin is subjected to UV light stress, more skin lycopene is destroyed compared with beta-carotene, suggesting a role of lycopene in mitigating oxidative damage in tissues.
这项安慰剂对照研究检测了健康女性单次摄入大剂量β-胡萝卜素（120毫克）对血浆和皮肤中β-胡萝卜素及番茄红素浓度的影响，以及紫外线照射对皮肤中β-胡萝卜素和番茄红素浓度的影响。摄入β-胡萝卜素使血浆β-胡萝卜素浓度在1天后升高了127%，从0.26±0.06（平均值±标准误）微摩尔/升升至0.59±0.07微摩尔/升，且在5天后该水平仍维持在0.54±0.11微摩尔/升。6天后分析的皮肤中β-胡萝卜素增加了23%，从1.41±0.74纳摩尔/克增至1.74±0.72纳摩尔/克。摄入β-胡萝卜素对血浆（0.37±0.11微摩尔/升）或皮肤（1.60±0.62纳摩尔/克）中的番茄红素浓度没有影响。对一只掌侧前臂的一小片区域单次给予一定剂量的模拟太阳光照射（为个体确定的最小红斑量的三倍），与相邻未照射区域相比，皮肤中番茄红素浓度降低了31%至46%。相同的紫外线剂量并未导致皮肤β-胡萝卜素浓度发生显著变化。我们得出结论，单次120毫克剂量的β-胡萝卜素可提高血浆和皮肤中β-胡萝卜素的浓度，且对血浆和皮肤中的番茄红素浓度没有影响。血浆和皮肤中番茄红素的含量与β-胡萝卜素相当，甚至更高。当皮肤受到紫外线应激时，与β-胡萝卜素相比，更多的皮肤番茄红素被破坏，这表明番茄红素在减轻组织氧化损伤中发挥作用。
