Armentrout D
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA.
Nurse Pract. 1995 May;20(5):54, 58-60, 62-3. doi: 10.1097/00006205-199505000-00011.
Spitting is a common occurrence in infants and is usually of no consequence. When regurgitation is accompanied by the return of gastric acids into the esophagus, however, it is considered to be gastroesophageal reflux. Failure to thrive, esophagitis, aspiration, chronic respiratory disease, and apnea can all be associated with pathologic gastroesophageal reflux. This paper discusses the causes, symptoms, and treatment modalities for pathologic gastroesophageal reflux. Health care practitioners can play a major role in providing direct care as well as coordinating and evaluating treatment interventions for infants with gastroesophageal reflux. In addition, health care providers can supply the families of these infants with the necessary education and emotional support required to care for their infant.
吐奶在婴儿中很常见，通常并无大碍。然而，当吐奶伴有胃酸反流至食管时，则被认为是胃食管反流。生长发育迟缓、食管炎、误吸、慢性呼吸道疾病和呼吸暂停都可能与病理性胃食管反流有关。本文讨论了病理性胃食管反流的病因、症状和治疗方式。医护人员在为胃食管反流婴儿提供直接护理以及协调和评估治疗干预措施方面可发挥重要作用。此外，医护人员可以为这些婴儿的家庭提供照顾婴儿所需的必要教育和情感支持。
