Zwacka G, Scholle S
Robert-Koch-Krankenhaus, Apolda.
Pneumologie. 1995 Mar;49 Suppl 1:152-4.
Sleep-apnea in childhood shows a frequency similar to adults but it is caused by many other reasons. Therapeutic effects of nasal CPAP and BIPAP can replace surgical ENT-Therapy in large extent mainly in ages at 2-5 years. But also in older children is it possible to treat obstructive sleep apnea and hypoventilation neuromuscular diseases by BIPAP. Examples for treatment of children by BIPAP who are two years old were given. Other demonstrated cases cover children with stridor congenitus, obstructive sleep apnea, hypoventilation, adenoidal breathing disturbances with primary surgical treated tonsillar hyperplasia and one case of thoracal postobstructive malformation with therapeutic BIPAP options.
儿童睡眠呼吸暂停的发生率与成人相似，但病因却大不相同。鼻持续气道正压通气（CPAP）和双水平气道正压通气（BIPAP）的治疗效果在很大程度上可以替代耳鼻喉科手术治疗，主要适用于2至5岁的儿童。对于年龄较大的儿童，也可以使用BIPAP治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和通气不足等神经肌肉疾病。文中给出了使用BIPAP治疗两岁儿童的案例。其他已证实的病例包括患有先天性喘鸣、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、通气不足、腺样体呼吸障碍并接受过扁桃体增生手术治疗的儿童，以及一例患有胸廓梗阻后畸形并采用BIPAP进行治疗的病例。
