Modestin J, Ammann R
Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Br J Psychiatry. 1995 May;166(5):667-75. doi: 10.1192/bjp.166.5.667.
Using improved methods, findings of higher criminality in a psychiatric population were tested.
An unselected sample of 1265 Swiss in-patients and a matched control group drawn from the general population were studied. Detailed accounts of conviction records served as a measure of criminal behaviour.
Apart from traffic law violations by men, and violent crimes and sexual offences by women, patients were more frequently registered in all crime categories. However, there were significant differences between the diagnostic groups. Alcoholics and drug users of both sexes had a significantly higher criminality rate. A higher rate was also found among female, but not male, patients suffering from schizophrenia or related disorders and other, mostly organic, disorders.
Alcoholism and drug abuse contribute significantly to criminal behaviour, independent of sociodemographic factors; however, with a few exceptions, mental disorders such as schizophrenia and affective disorders do not contribute to criminal behaviour.
采用改进方法，对精神病患者中更高犯罪率的研究结果进行了检验。
对1265名瑞士住院患者的非选择性样本以及从普通人群中抽取的匹配对照组进行了研究。定罪记录的详细账目作为犯罪行为的一种衡量标准。
除男性违反交通法规以及女性暴力犯罪和性犯罪外，患者在所有犯罪类别中的登记频率更高。然而，不同诊断组之间存在显著差异。男女酗酒者和吸毒者的犯罪率明显更高。在患有精神分裂症或相关障碍以及其他主要为器质性障碍的女性患者中也发现了较高的犯罪率，但男性患者中未发现。
酗酒和药物滥用对犯罪行为有显著影响，与社会人口统计学因素无关；然而，除少数例外，精神分裂症和情感障碍等精神疾病对犯罪行为没有影响。
