[Genetic structure of various native and commercial breeds of cattle (Bos taurus) from Eurasia].

On the basis of polymorphism of genes, controlling seven blood and four milk proteins, genetic structure and main variation parameters were analyzed in 27 breeds of cattle, 11 of which were native. Difference in allele frequencies of blood proteins were detected in the Jersey (island form) and Yakut (geographically isolated form) breeds; in milk proteins, the Yaroslavl' breed differed from the other breeds. Native breeds generally had a more specialized genetic structure than commercial breeds. They had a greater deficit of heterozygotes, which is probably related to the small number of individuals in this breed group and their high homozygosity. An analysis of inter- and intrapopulation diversity showed differences in groups of commercial and native breeds that depended on the intensity of selection in populations.