Fillmore K M, Golding J M, Kniep S, Leino E V, Shoemaker C, Ager C R, Ferrer H P, Ahlstrom S, Allebeck P, Amundsen A
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA.
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1995;12:409-39. doi: 10.1007/0-306-47138-8_25.
The primary research question asked is: After holding alcohol consumption constant, will men and women be at equal risk for a variety of alcohol-related problems? Since women are actually at a higher blood alcohol content at the same consumption levels, a physiological argument would suggest that women are at equal or greater risk for alcohol problems than men. However, variation in societal norms surrounding gender roles and/or societal-level stress may mediate the experience of men and women, regardless of the differences in physiology. Ten cross-sectional general population studies are used. Analyses control for individual-level variables (age, quantity, and frequency of drinking) and societal-level variables (proportion of women in the work force and female suicide rate) that might confound these relationships; cross-study homogeneity is examined.
在保持酒精消费量不变的情况下，男性和女性面临各种与酒精相关问题的风险是否相等？由于在相同消费水平下女性的实际血液酒精含量更高，从生理学角度来看，女性面临酒精问题的风险与男性相等或更高。然而，围绕性别角色的社会规范差异和/或社会层面的压力可能会影响男性和女性的经历，而不论生理上的差异如何。使用了十项横断面的普通人群研究。分析对可能混淆这些关系的个体层面变量（年龄、饮酒量和饮酒频率）和社会层面变量（劳动力中的女性比例和女性自杀率）进行了控制；并检验了跨研究的同质性。
