Madianos M G, Gefou-Madianou D, Stefanis C
Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens, Greece.
Addiction. 1995 Jan;90(1):73-85. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1995.9017311.x.
This paper focuses on patterns of alcohol consumption and related problems, based on a nation-wide home survey sample of 4290 respondents aged 12-64 years. The prevalence of lifetime, past year and past month alcohol use, as well as levels of quantity of alcohol consumed and the reported alcohol-related problems, are presented. Frequency and quantity of consumption increases as age increases. Males were found to drink alcohol more frequently and in higher quantities than females. A higher proportion of young adults reported alcohol-related problems, in comparison to the other age groups. Regional variations in the frequency of consumption of alcohol were observed. However, no differences were found in the geographic distribution of persons of all age groups reporting alcohol-related problems. Respondents of all groups with two or more alcohol related problems expressed a high number of dysphoric and depressive symptoms. Finally, a stepwise discriminant analysis revealed certain socio-demographic, familial, psychological and medical factors to discriminate optimally the "problem" and "non-problem" drinkers in both adolescent and adult age groups.
本文基于一项对4290名年龄在12至64岁之间的全国性家庭调查样本，重点关注饮酒模式及相关问题。文中呈现了终生、过去一年和过去一个月饮酒的患病率，以及饮酒量水平和所报告的与酒精相关的问题。饮酒频率和饮酒量随年龄增长而增加。研究发现，男性饮酒比女性更频繁且饮酒量更大。与其他年龄组相比，较高比例的年轻人报告了与酒精相关的问题。观察到饮酒频率存在地区差异。然而，在报告与酒精相关问题的所有年龄组人群的地理分布上未发现差异。所有有两个或更多与酒精相关问题的组别的受访者都表现出大量烦躁不安和抑郁症状。最后，逐步判别分析揭示了某些社会人口统计学、家庭、心理和医学因素，能够在青少年和成年年龄组中最佳地区分“问题”饮酒者和“非问题”饮酒者。
