Breen A P, Murphy J A
University of Nottingham, Department of Chemistry, UK.
Free Radic Biol Med. 1995 Jun;18(6):1033-77. doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(94)00209-3.
The importance of radical-induced damage to DNA is apparent from the ever-increasing number of publications in this area. This review focuses on the damage caused to DNA by reactive oxygen-centred radicals, however formed. These may be hydroxyl radicals, which arise either from the radiolysis of water by ionizing radiation (gamma-rays or X-rays), or from a purely chemical source. Alternatively, metal-bound oxyl radicals (M-O.) are also active intermediates in DNA-cleaving reactions and may be formed from synthetic compounds or from natural products such as bleomycin (BLM). Chemical mechanisms leading to the observed degradation products are covered in detail. The biological effects of some of the DNA base lesions formed are touched upon, concentrating on the molecular mechanisms behind the initial events that lead to mutagenesis.
自由基对DNA造成损伤的重要性从该领域不断增加的出版物数量中可见一斑。本综述聚焦于以活性氧为中心的自由基对DNA造成的损伤，无论其如何形成。这些自由基可能是羟基自由基，其可由电离辐射（γ射线或X射线）对水的辐射分解产生，也可来自纯化学源。另外，金属结合的氧自由基（M-O.）也是DNA切割反应中的活性中间体，可由合成化合物或诸如博来霉素（BLM）等天然产物形成。导致观察到的降解产物的化学机制将被详细阐述。文中还会涉及一些所形成的DNA碱基损伤的生物学效应，重点关注导致诱变的初始事件背后的分子机制。
