Complement resistance of parasites.

The complement system is a first-line defence mechanism against parasites. All parasites causing deep infections and getting into contact with human plasma must, in one way or another, avoid the destructive effect of this powerful defence system. Several specific strategies of complement resistance of parasites have been reported, and this rather large spectrum of regulatory mechanisms covers the whole cascade of complement activation. Analysis of the known and elucidation of the yet unknown mechanisms will probably help in the development of new therapeutic and preventive approaches to control the different parasitic diseases. This paper will review the complement resistance mechanisms reported and their utilization by various parasites.