Olson L G, King M T, Hensley M J, Saunders N A
Discipline of Medicine, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Aug;152(2):707-10. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.152.2.7633730.
Four hundred forty-one subjects 34 to 69 yr of age were recruited from a random sample of the community. The sample was biased in favor of men, snorers, and subjects with subjective sleep complaints. They answered a questionnaire and were monitored in their homes for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). This report concerns the presence of symptoms associated with the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome in the subjects with SDB detected in this community sample. Most of the symptoms commonly recognized as occurring in OSA were associated with SDB in our sample: snoring that disturbed the sleep of other persons, reports of apnea, reports of gasping or choking sounds during sleep, and finding the bedclothes in disarray in the mornings had significant univariate associations with SDB. Nocturnal choking and morning headache were negatively associated with SDB. Excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was reported by 41% of those with SDB, but it was also reported by 37% of snorers without SDB and by 37% of nonsnorers. We conclude that the symptoms seen in clinic patients with OSA also occur in subjects with SDB who have not presented for medical attention. Enumeration of these symptoms by questionnaire, however, is a poor test for OSA in the community. EDS was reported by a higher than expected proportion of subjects not affected by SDB, suggesting that causes of self-reported EDS other than SDB may be common.
从社区随机样本中招募了441名年龄在34至69岁之间的受试者。该样本偏向于男性、打鼾者以及有主观睡眠投诉的受试者。他们回答了一份问卷，并在家中接受睡眠呼吸紊乱（SDB）监测。本报告关注的是在该社区样本中检测出的患有SDB的受试者中与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）综合征相关的症状的存在情况。在我们的样本中，大多数通常被认为在OSA中出现的症状与SDB相关：打扰他人睡眠的打鼾、呼吸暂停报告、睡眠期间喘息或窒息声的报告以及早晨发现床上用品凌乱与SDB有显著的单变量关联。夜间窒息和早晨头痛与SDB呈负相关。41%的SDB患者报告有白天过度嗜睡（EDS），但无SDB的打鼾者中有37%以及非打鼾者中有37%也报告有EDS。我们得出结论，临床OSA患者中出现的症状在未就医的SDB受试者中也会出现。然而，通过问卷列举这些症状对社区中的OSA来说是一种较差的检测方法。未受SDB影响的受试者报告EDS的比例高于预期，这表明除SDB之外自我报告的EDS的原因可能很常见。
