Wesson D, Hu X
Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 1995 May;4(2):83-7.
Trauma care is one of the major components of modern surgery. This is especially true of pediatric surgery, because injuries are by far the leading cause of death for children from early childhood through adolescence. Recently, the epidemiological model of host, agent, and environment has been applied to the study of childhood injuries to increase understanding of their causes and to provide a basis for primary and secondary prevention strategies. We now know that injury patterns vary with age, sex, race, place of residence, and family income, and that the rates of fatal injury from violence, whether interpersonal or self inflicted, are increasing. We also know that firearms are involved in an ever-increasing proportion of cases. As trauma care has improved, the key to further reductions in the toll of injuries on our children is prevention.
创伤护理是现代外科的主要组成部分之一。小儿外科尤其如此，因为从幼儿期到青春期，伤害是儿童死亡的主要原因。最近，宿主、致伤因素和环境的流行病学模型已被应用于儿童伤害的研究，以增进对其成因的了解，并为一级和二级预防策略提供依据。我们现在知道，伤害模式因年龄、性别、种族、居住地点和家庭收入而异，而且人际暴力或自残导致的致命伤害发生率正在上升。我们还知道，涉及枪支的案例比例在不断增加。随着创伤护理的改善，进一步降低儿童伤害死亡人数的关键在于预防。
