Hydroxyapatite-coated proximal ingrowth femoral stems. A matched pair control study.

A matched pair study of 2 groups of 42 uncemented total hip replacements were compared retrospectively after a minimum 3-year followup. Forty-two hips were implanted with a hydroxyapatite coating on the proximal femoral patched porous surfaces; 42 hips had patched porous-coated stems without hydroxyapatite. There were no clinical differences between the matched groups by any criteria of measurement. There was no statistically significant difference between the matched groups for femoral stem fixation at all followup intervals. At the 3-year followup, 90% of the femoral stems in the hydroxyapatite porous group, and 83% in the porous control group achieved stable bony fixation. Hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems demonstrated accelerated bone remodeling characterized by proximal cancellous hypertrophy. The percentage of femoral stems exhibiting cancellous hypertrophy was significantly greater at all followup intervals. This study did not demonstrate any clinical advantage of hydroxyapatite being added to a porous-coated surface. The radiographic changes of bone remodeling seen with hydroxyapatite are not known to improve durability of the hip arthroplasty. This study again condemns the use of patched porous-coating and titanium-bearing surfaces.