Berho M, Moran C A, Suster S
Arkadi M. Rywlin Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA.
Semin Diagn Pathol. 1995 May;12(2):123-39.
The existence of biphasic neoplasms occurring primarily in the lung is a well-known albeit rare event. The spectrum of malignant tumors displaying a mixed epithelial/mesenchymal growth pattern is rather narrow when these tumors occur primarily in the lung. The two most often encountered neoplasms showing features of epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation are carcinosarcomas and pulmonary blastomas. Tumors with analogous features are of ubiquitous distribution in the human body and have been described in numerous other organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, the genitourinary tract, and the endocrine system. Although the histopathologic features of these tumors may seem simple in most cases, there appear to be numerous pitfalls in their diagnosis; gray areas still remain in the characterization of these tumors, because a certain degree of overlap may be encountered with these two conditions. Such problems are understandable because the incidence of these tumors in the general population is very rare. Therefore, one is expected to find divergent points of view regarding these neoplasms. It is of importance, however, to unify criteria not only for diagnostic purposes, but also to determine the prevalence and behavior of these neoplasms, because such information may provide a rationale for adjustment and improvement in the treatment and diagnosis of these unusual neoplasms. We will review past and current concepts regarding these unusual tumors, as well as their more salient histopathologic features.
主要发生在肺部的双相性肿瘤的存在是一个众所周知但却罕见的现象。当这些肿瘤主要发生在肺部时，呈现上皮/间充质混合生长模式的恶性肿瘤谱相当狭窄。最常遇到的表现出上皮和间充质分化特征的两种肿瘤是癌肉瘤和肺母细胞瘤。具有类似特征的肿瘤在人体中分布广泛，并且已在许多其他器官中被描述，包括胃肠道、泌尿生殖道和内分泌系统。尽管在大多数情况下这些肿瘤的组织病理学特征可能看起来简单，但在其诊断中似乎存在许多陷阱；由于这两种情况可能会有一定程度的重叠，这些肿瘤的特征仍存在灰色地带。这些问题是可以理解的，因为这些肿瘤在普通人群中的发病率非常低。因此，人们可能会发现关于这些肿瘤存在不同的观点。然而，不仅为了诊断目的，而且为了确定这些肿瘤的患病率和行为来统一标准是很重要的，因为这些信息可能为调整和改进这些不寻常肿瘤的治疗和诊断提供依据。我们将回顾关于这些不寻常肿瘤的过去和当前概念，以及它们更显著的组织病理学特征。
