Sharpe P A
Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Women Health. 1995;22(3):9-23. doi: 10.1300/J013v22n03_02.
Ageism and sexism in health services and research affect the quality of care, patient-provider interaction, patient self-perceptions, and the planning of health education programs for older women. Stereotyping of older women in the health care encounter, although often subtle, can have far-reaching effects on the health status of older women. Prevailing research methodologies are focused on disease processes and neglect older women's subjective experience of illness. Changes at the organizational, community, and individual levels that promote the autonomy and empowerment of older women are discussed.
医疗卫生服务与研究中的年龄歧视和性别歧视会影响护理质量、医患互动、患者自我认知以及老年女性健康教育项目的规划。在医疗保健过程中，对老年女性的刻板印象尽管通常较为微妙，但可能会对老年女性的健康状况产生深远影响。现有的研究方法侧重于疾病过程，而忽视了老年女性对疾病的主观体验。文中讨论了在组织、社区和个人层面促进老年女性自主权和赋权的变革。
