Mason C A, Cauce A M, Gonzales N, Hiraga Y
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 1994 Dec;22(6):723-43. doi: 10.1007/BF02521556.
Examined the effect of peer problem behavior, the absence of a father or equivalent in the home, and the mother-adolescent relationship as predictors of adolescent problem behavior in a sample of 112 African American adolescents. Statistical analyses compared a moderator model to a mediational model and a cumulative risk model. As predicted, the moderator model was superior to the alternative models. Specifically, whereas the mediational model predicted that the effect of father absence and the mother-child relationship upon adolescent problem behavior would be mediated by peer problem behavior, neither effected peer problem behavior or adolescent problem behavior. Similarly, a cumulative risk index did not predict either child or parent reports of problem behavior and was not sensitive to specific contingencies that existed between the predictor variables. In contrast, an interactive, moderator model described the data quite well. This model suggested that father or equivalent absence magnifies the negative impact of peer problem behavior, while a positive mother-adolescent relationship attenuates this risk. A strong mother-adolescent relationship also served to protect adolescents in father-absent homes from the risk of peer problem behavior.
在112名非裔美国青少年样本中，研究了同伴问题行为、家中父亲或同等角色缺失以及母子关系作为青少年问题行为预测因素的影响。统计分析将一个调节模型与一个中介模型和一个累积风险模型进行了比较。正如预测的那样，调节模型优于其他模型。具体而言，中介模型预测父亲缺失和母子关系对青少年问题行为的影响将由同伴问题行为介导，但两者均未影响同伴问题行为或青少年问题行为。同样，累积风险指数既不能预测儿童或家长报告的问题行为，也对预测变量之间存在的特定意外情况不敏感。相比之下，一个交互式调节模型能很好地描述这些数据。该模型表明，父亲或同等角色的缺失会放大同伴问题行为的负面影响，而积极的母子关系则会减弱这种风险。牢固的母子关系也有助于保护父亲缺失家庭中的青少年免受同伴问题行为的风险。
