Kieć-Swierczyńska M, Szymczk W
Outpatient Clinic of Occupational Diseases, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine Lodz, Poland.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 1995;8(1):17-22.
Our examinations involved 259 workers (46 females and 213 males) manufacturing insulation matting of rockwool and phenol-formaldehyde resin. The control group included 529 people. All of the subjects were patch-tested. The age-adjusted relative risk was used as a measure for evaluating the increase in the incidence of dermatitis and allergy to metals. An atomic absorption method was used to determine metal content in rockwool. Dermatitis was found in every fourth subject examined, oil acne in every tenth subject; 7.3% of the subjects examined were found to be allergy-positive to nickel, 6.9% to chromium, 5.0% to cobalt, 3.1% to formaldehyde, 1.5% to phenol-formaldehyde resin, 0% to phenol. Out of the 39 subjects examined twice (in 1988 and 1990), 5 were found to be allergy-positive to nickel during the second examination. A statistically significant increase in the risk of incidence of occupational dermatitis and allergy to nickel and cobalt was found in people producing insulation products made of rockwool. The latter material was found to contain 200 ppm chromium, 88 ppm nickel and 29 ppm cobalt.
我们的调查涉及259名生产岩棉和酚醛树脂绝缘垫的工人（46名女性和213名男性）。对照组包括529人。所有受试者均接受了斑贴试验。年龄调整相对风险被用作评估皮炎发病率增加和对金属过敏的指标。采用原子吸收法测定岩棉中的金属含量。每四名接受检查的受试者中就有一名患有皮炎，每十名受试者中就有一名患有油疹；7.3%的受检者对镍过敏呈阳性，6.9%对铬过敏，5.0%对钴过敏，3.1%对甲醛过敏，1.5%对酚醛树脂过敏，0%对苯酚过敏。在39名接受了两次检查（1988年和1990年）的受试者中，有5人在第二次检查时对镍过敏呈阳性。在生产岩棉绝缘产品的人群中，职业性皮炎以及对镍和钴过敏的发病风险出现了统计学上的显著增加。发现后一种材料含有200 ppm的铬、88 ppm的镍和29 ppm的钴。
