Raidal S L
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Br Vet J. 1995 May-Jun;151(3):233-62. doi: 10.1016/s0007-1935(95)80175-8.
Pleuropneumonia is a clinically important equine disease, predisposed by a number of identifiable factors. Successful management is largely dependent on early identification and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment strategies. Rapid resolution of the disease process is associated with appropriate treatment commenced within 48 h of the causative insult. Lower airway contamination by oropharyngeal organisms and subsequent extension into the pulmonary parenchyma results in respiratory dysfunction and systemic toxaemia. Acute disease is associated with the isolation of facultatively anaerobic organisms, especially beta-haemolytic Streptococcus spp. and Pasteurellaceae. Delayed or inappropriate treatment is likely to result in chronic disease characterized by the involvement of anaerobic bacteria and a poor response to therapy. The primary mode of treatment for anaerobic infection of the human thorax is surgical drainage and resection of necrotic tissue but whilst such techniques have been described for the management of equine pleuropneumonia, the size of the equine thoracic cavity hinders accurate diagnostic evaluation and successful completion of such intervention. The chronic nature and cost of ongoing treatment and limitations on choice of antimicrobial agents warrant a poor prognosis for survival and a poorer prognosis for return to athletic endeavour.
胸膜肺炎是一种临床上重要的马属动物疾病，由多种可识别因素诱发。成功的管理很大程度上取决于早期识别和及时启动适当的治疗策略。疾病进程的快速缓解与在致病损伤后48小时内开始适当治疗有关。口咽微生物对下呼吸道的污染以及随后向肺实质的蔓延会导致呼吸功能障碍和全身毒血症。急性疾病与兼性厌氧菌的分离有关，尤其是β-溶血性链球菌属和巴斯德菌科。延迟或不适当的治疗可能会导致以厌氧菌感染为特征的慢性疾病，且对治疗反应不佳。人类胸腔厌氧菌感染的主要治疗方式是手术引流和切除坏死组织，但尽管已经描述了此类技术用于马胸膜肺炎的管理，但马胸腔的大小阻碍了准确的诊断评估以及此类干预的成功完成。持续治疗的慢性性质和成本以及抗菌药物选择的限制导致生存预后不良，恢复运动能力的预后更差。
