Bab I A
Bone Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995 Apr(313):64-8.
Bone marrow regeneration after injury is preceded by local and systemic osteogenic reactions. Recently, an osteogenic growth peptide was characterized in the regenerating marrow. The osteogenic growth peptide also is abundant in normal serum where it is markedly and transiently increased after marrow injury. This increase and the osteogenic growth peptide-induced stimulation of bone formation in vivo suggest a role for this peptide in mediating the systemic osteogenic response. In vitro, the osteogenic growth peptide is an autocrine mitogen for osteoblastic and fibroblastic cells. It also stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization. The serum osteogenic growth peptide is downregulated in osteoporotic ovariectomized mice. The osteogenic growth peptide levels as well as the bone loss, tetracycline uptake, and serum osteocalcin are reversed by exogenously administered osteogenic growth peptide. In normal mice, the osteogenic growth peptide increases white blood cell counts and total femoral bone marrow cellularity. These increases include all the hemopoietic lineages. When given to mice for 1 week before ablative radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation, synthetic osteogenic growth peptide stimulates the bone marrow transplant engraftment; optimal osteogenic growth peptide doses doubled the survival rate. These data indicate that osteogenic growth peptide has an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of systemic bone loss and provide a basis for further development of an antiosteoporotic osteogenic growth peptide therapy. It is suggested also that the osteogenic growth peptide promotes hemopoiesis secondary to the stimulation of the stromal (particularly osseous) microenvironment.
损伤后的骨髓再生之前会出现局部和全身的成骨反应。最近，在再生骨髓中鉴定出一种成骨生长肽。成骨生长肽在正常血清中也很丰富，在骨髓损伤后会显著且短暂地增加。这种增加以及成骨生长肽在体内诱导的骨形成刺激表明该肽在介导全身成骨反应中起作用。在体外，成骨生长肽是成骨细胞和成纤维细胞的自分泌有丝分裂原。它还刺激碱性磷酸酶活性和基质矿化。在去卵巢骨质疏松小鼠中，血清成骨生长肽下调。外源性给予成骨生长肽可使成骨生长肽水平以及骨丢失、四环素摄取和血清骨钙素恢复正常。在正常小鼠中，成骨生长肽增加白细胞计数和股骨总骨髓细胞数。这些增加包括所有造血谱系。在进行消融放疗和骨髓移植前1周给予小鼠合成成骨生长肽，可刺激骨髓移植植入；最佳成骨生长肽剂量可使存活率提高一倍。这些数据表明成骨生长肽在全身性骨丢失的发病机制和治疗中具有重要作用，并为抗骨质疏松成骨生长肽疗法的进一步发展提供了基础。还提示成骨生长肽通过刺激基质（特别是骨）微环境促进造血。
