Kornblum S, Lee J W
Mental Health Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0720, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1995 Aug;21(4):855-75. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.21.4.855.
Five experiments were conducted using 4- and 6-choice stimulus-response compatibility tasks with graphic and alphabetic stimuli, and keypress and verbal responses. A comparison of performance with compatible, incompatible, and neutral conditions shows that when a stimulus set is perceptually, conceptually, or structurally similar to a response set, (a) mean reaction times (RTs) are faster when individual stimuli and responses match than when they do not match, (b) this is true whether the stimulus and response sets are similar on relevant or irrelevant dimensions, (c) this "compatibility effect" is greater when the dimensions are relevant than when they are irrelevant, and (d) whether the dimensions are relevant or irrelevant, the faster RTs are due to a facilitative process and the slower RTs to an interfering process. These results are accounted for by the dimensional overlap model.
进行了五项实验，采用了4选和6选的刺激-反应兼容性任务，刺激包括图形和字母，反应包括按键和言语反应。对兼容、不兼容和中性条件下的表现进行比较表明，当刺激集在感知、概念或结构上与反应集相似时，(a) 单个刺激与反应匹配时的平均反应时间（RTs）比不匹配时更快，(b) 无论刺激集和反应集在相关维度还是不相关维度上相似，都是如此，(c) 当维度相关时这种“兼容性效应”比不相关时更大，并且(d) 无论维度相关与否，更快的反应时间是由于促进过程，而较慢的反应时间是由于干扰过程。这些结果由维度重叠模型进行了解释。
