Quinlan P T, Bailey P J
Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, England.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Jul;57(5):614-28. doi: 10.3758/bf03213267.
Four experiments are reported that examine attentional control in the auditory modality. In Experiment 1, the subjects made detection responses to the onset of a monaurally presented pure tone that was preceded by a pure-tone cue. On a valid trial, the cue was presented in the same ear as the target; on an invalid trial, it was presented in the contralateral ear to the target; and on a neutral trial, it was presented in both ears. Overall performance was facilitated on valid trials in comparison with invalid trials. In later experiments, the subjects made choice decisions about the location of the target, and significant cuing effects were found relative to the neutral condition. Finally, performance was assessed in the presence of central (spoken) word cues. Here, the content of the cue specified the likely location of the target. Under these conditions, costs and benefits were found over a range of cue-target stimulus onset asynchronies. The results are discussed in terms of automatic and controlled attentional processes.
报告了四项实验，这些实验考察了听觉模态中的注意力控制。在实验1中，受试者对单耳呈现的纯音的起始做出检测反应，该纯音之前有一个纯音提示。在有效试验中，提示音与目标音在同一耳中呈现；在无效试验中，提示音在目标音的对侧耳中呈现；在中性试验中，提示音在双耳中呈现。与无效试验相比，有效试验的整体表现得到了促进。在后续实验中，受试者对目标的位置做出选择决定，并且相对于中性条件发现了显著的提示效应。最后，在存在中央（口头）单词提示的情况下评估表现。在这里，提示的内容指定了目标的可能位置。在这些条件下，在一系列提示-目标刺激起始异步情况下发现了成本和收益。结果根据自动和受控的注意力过程进行了讨论。
