Patterson B H, Harlan L C, Block G, Kahle L
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-7354, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 1995;23(2):105-19. doi: 10.1080/01635589509514367.
Dietary guidelines posit an association between diet and cancer. Different cancer mortality rates among whites, blacks, and Hispanics may be related to differences in diet. Food frequency data from the 1987 National Health Interview Survey on 20,143 adults were used to estimate the percentage of adults, by gender and race/ethnicity, who consume some 59 foods six or more times per year, median number of servings for consumers, and frequency of consumption of skin on poultry and fat on red meat. On the basis of percent consumption of these foods, women appear to have a more diverse diet than men. Women eat more fruits and vegetables, less meat, and fewer high-fat foods and drink fewer alcoholic beverages. Whites eat a more varied diet than blacks and Hispanics; blacks eat more fried and high-fat food; consumption of high-fat foods is lowest among Hispanics. Public health messages, especially those aimed at cancer prevention, should be targeted at increasing the overall consumption of fruits and vegetables, decreasing consumption of high-fat foods, especially among white and black men, and increasing consumption of those healthful foods already consumed by particular race/ethnicity groups.
饮食指南认为饮食与癌症之间存在关联。白人、黑人和西班牙裔之间不同的癌症死亡率可能与饮食差异有关。利用1987年全国健康访谈调查中20143名成年人的食物频率数据，按性别和种族/族裔估算每年食用约59种食物达6次或更多次的成年人百分比、食用者的平均份数以及禽类带皮部分和红肉脂肪的食用频率。基于这些食物的食用百分比，女性的饮食似乎比男性更多样化。女性吃更多的水果和蔬菜，吃更少的肉、更少的高脂肪食物，喝更少的酒精饮料。白人的饮食比黑人和西班牙裔更多样化；黑人吃更多油炸和高脂肪食物；西班牙裔中高脂肪食物的消费量最低。公共卫生信息，尤其是那些旨在预防癌症的信息，应旨在增加水果和蔬菜的总体消费量，减少高脂肪食物的消费量，特别是在白人和黑人男性中，并增加特定种族/族裔群体已经食用的那些健康食物的消费量。
