Karney B R, Bradbury T N
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1563, USA.
Psychol Bull. 1995 Jul;118(1):3-34. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.3.
Although much has been learned from cross-sectional research on marriage, an understanding of how marriages develop, succeed, and fail is best achieved with longitudinal data. In view of growing interest in longitudinal research on marriage, the authors reviewed and evaluated the literature on how the quality and stability of marriages change over time. First, prevailing theoretical perspectives are examined for their ability to explain change in marital quality and stability. Second, the methods and findings of 115 longitudinal studies--representing over 45,000 marriages--are summarized and evaluated, yielding specific suggestions for improving this research, Finally, a model is outlined that integrates the strengths of previous theories of marriage, accounts for established findings, and indicates new directions for research on how marriages change.
尽管从关于婚姻的横断面研究中已经学到了很多东西，但要了解婚姻是如何发展、成功和失败的，最好通过纵向数据来实现。鉴于对婚姻纵向研究的兴趣日益浓厚，作者回顾并评估了关于婚姻质量和稳定性如何随时间变化的文献。首先，考察主流理论观点解释婚姻质量和稳定性变化的能力。其次，总结并评估了115项纵向研究的方法和结果（这些研究涉及超过45000桩婚姻），提出了改进这项研究的具体建议。最后，概述了一个模型，该模型整合了先前婚姻理论的优势，解释了既定的研究结果，并指出了关于婚姻如何变化的研究新方向。
