Fjellbirkeland L, Gulsvik A, Walløe A
Lungeavdelingen Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1995 Jun 30;115(17):2051-3.
Swimming is said to have low asthmogeneity especially when compared with other physical activities. Four young athletes who participated in heavy swimming exercise are reported as having symptoms of exercise-induced asthma (EIA). Three of them started to develop the symptoms after several years of training and had no former history of asthma. In the fourth, the asthma was diagnosed in childhood but the EIA-symptoms here exacerbated by swimming. All four experienced more symptoms when the air in the swimming pool was warm, or when there was a strong smell of chlorine. Two of the athletes reported having no symptoms when they swam in outdoor pools and had only minor symptoms, or none at all, when they did other formes of physical exercise, including running. In all four their swimming performance was hampered by their respiratory symptoms. Two of the swimmers improved when they inhaled steroids and adrenerg-beta 2 agonists, and continued their swimming carrier. The cases suggest that an irritant may provoke asthma symptoms in susceptible swimmers. Volatile compounds from chlorination of the pools are suspected as possible irritant agents.
据说游泳的变应原性较低，尤其是与其他体育活动相比时。据报道，四名参加高强度游泳训练的年轻运动员出现了运动诱发哮喘（EIA）的症状。其中三人在经过数年训练后开始出现症状，且既往无哮喘病史。第四人在儿童期被诊断出患有哮喘，但此处的运动诱发哮喘症状因游泳而加重。当游泳池内空气温暖或有强烈的氯气味时，这四人都会出现更多症状。两名运动员报告称，他们在室外游泳池游泳时没有症状，而在进行包括跑步在内的其他形式体育锻炼时，只有轻微症状或根本没有症状。这四人的游泳表现均因呼吸道症状而受到影响。两名游泳运动员在吸入类固醇和β2肾上腺素能激动剂后症状有所改善，并继续他们的游泳生涯。这些病例表明，刺激物可能会在易感游泳者中引发哮喘症状。泳池氯化产生的挥发性化合物被怀疑是可能的刺激物。
