Velthuis-te Wierik E J, Westerterp K R, van den Berg H
TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Kinetics, Zeist, Netherlands.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1995 May;19(5):318-24.
Since little information is available on the capacity of the non-obese to adapt to a moderate decrease in energy intake, the effect of a 10-week moderately energy-restricted diet (ER) on energy expenditure and body composition was studied.
A controlled intervention study. After a weight-maintaining run-in period of 2 weeks, the ER group received a diet that contained 9.2 MJ/day on average, i.e. 80% of the energy of their habitual diet (estimated by means of a 7-day dietary record) for the next ten weeks while the control group received the weight-maintaining diet.
Subjects continued daily life habits and came to the Institute every evening to have dinner and to receive food for the next 24 h.
24 healthy non-obese, middle-aged men participated. Subjects were matched for age and body mass index and randomly assigned to a control group (n = 8) or an ER group (n = 16).
Average daily metabolic rate (ADMR, i.e. total energy expenditure), measured with doubly labeled water in eight subjects of the ER group, appeared to be 82.5% of reported energy intake resulting in an actual level of energy restriction in these eight subjects of 33% on average (range 18-42%), rather than 20%. Subjects in the ER group lost 7.4 +/- 1.7 kg; 83% of this weight loss was fat mass, 17% was fat-free mass. Subjects in the control group lost some weight too (2.1 +/- 1.5 kg). Resting metabolic rate (RMR) (MJ/day) decreased in the ER group (P < 0.001). In this group the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) decreased (P < 0.001), while reverse T3 (rT3) increased (P < 0.05). ADMR decreased significantly.
Under conditions of a controlled moderately energy-restricted diet in daily life a significant weight loss can be induced, similar to that observed after a balanced dietary deficit, providing 5 MJ/day. In addition, moderate energy restriction induces a decrease in fat-free mass and a fall in RMR.
由于关于非肥胖者适应适度能量摄入减少能力的信息较少，因此研究了为期10周的适度能量限制饮食（ER）对能量消耗和身体成分的影响。
一项对照干预研究。在为期2周的体重维持导入期后，ER组在接下来的十周内平均每天摄入含9.2兆焦耳能量的饮食，即其习惯饮食能量的80%（通过7天饮食记录估算），而对照组则接受维持体重的饮食。
受试者保持日常生活习惯，每天晚上到研究所吃晚餐并领取接下来24小时的食物。
24名健康的非肥胖中年男性参与。受试者按年龄和体重指数匹配，随机分为对照组（n = 8）或ER组（n = 16）。
用双标水法测量了ER组8名受试者的平均每日代谢率（ADMR，即总能量消耗），结果显示为报告能量摄入量的82.5%，这导致这8名受试者的实际能量限制水平平均为33%（范围为18 - 42%），而非20%。ER组的受试者体重减轻了7.4±1.7千克；体重减轻的83%为脂肪量，17%为去脂体重。对照组的受试者也减轻了一些体重（2.1±1.5千克）。ER组的静息代谢率（RMR）（兆焦耳/天）降低（P < 0.001）。在该组中，甲状腺激素三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）降低（P < 0.001），而反三碘甲状腺原氨酸（rT3）升高（P < 0.05）。ADMR显著降低。
在日常生活中进行适度能量限制饮食的情况下，可以诱导显著的体重减轻，类似于在提供5兆焦耳/天的均衡饮食亏空后观察到的情况。此外，适度的能量限制会导致去脂体重减少和RMR下降。
