el-Qarmalawi A M, Morsy A H, al-Fadly A, Obeid A, Hashem M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Jahra Hospital, Jahra, Kuwait.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1995 May;49(2):125-30. doi: 10.1016/0020-7292(95)02351-c.
To assess the efficacy and safety of labetalol compared with methyldopa in the management of mild and moderate cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).
One hundred four primigravidas with PIH were randomly allocated to receive either labetalol (group A) or methyldopa (group B). The dose of the drugs was doubled every 48 h to maintain a mean arterial blood pressure < or = 103.6 mmHg. Clinico-biochemical effects and frequency of side effects were studied. The statistical level of significance was taken at P < 0.05.
Ten patients in group B (18.5%) developed significant proteinuria (> 30 mg/dl) whereas none developed proteinuria in group A. Labetalol was quicker and more efficient at controlling blood pressure, having a beneficial effect on renal functions and causing fewer side effects compared with methyldopa. The rate of induction of labor and rate of cesarean section for uncontrolled PIH was less in group A (48% and 1%, respectively) compared with group B (63.0% and 5.6%, respectively). Moreover a higher Bishop score at induction of labor was noticed in group A.
Labetalol is better tolerated than methyldopa, gives more efficient control of blood pressure and may have a ripening effect on the uterine cervix.
评估拉贝洛尔与甲基多巴治疗轻度和中度妊娠高血压综合征（PIH）的疗效和安全性。
104例患PIH的初产妇被随机分为两组，分别接受拉贝洛尔治疗（A组）或甲基多巴治疗（B组）。每48小时将药物剂量加倍，以维持平均动脉血压≤103.6 mmHg。研究临床生化效应和副作用发生频率。统计学显著性水平设定为P<0.05。
B组有10例患者（18.5%）出现大量蛋白尿（>30 mg/dl），而A组无患者出现蛋白尿。与甲基多巴相比，拉贝洛尔控制血压更快、更有效，对肾功能有有益影响，且副作用更少。A组因PIH控制不佳而行引产和剖宫产的比例分别为48%和1%，低于B组（分别为63.0%和5.6%）。此外，A组引产时的Bishop评分更高。
拉贝洛尔比甲基多巴耐受性更好，能更有效地控制血压，且可能对子宫颈有成熟作用。
