Costa E O, Diniz L S, Netto C F, Arruda C, Dagli M L
Fac. Med. Veterinária, Univ. São Paulo, Dep. Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Brazil.
J Med Vet Mycol. 1995 Jan-Feb;33(1):39-42. doi: 10.1080/02681219580000081.
The aim of this investigation was to study epidemiological aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis, the main endemic systemic mycosis in Brazil. This study was carried out using the paracoccidioidin delayed hypersensitivity test in 96 Latin American wild mammals, including 49 arboreal animals (primates): 33 Cebus apella (weeping-capuchin), 16 Callithrix jacchus (marmoset); and 47 terrestrial animals (carnivora): 37 Nasua nasua (coatimundi), and 10 Felidae [Panthera onca (jaguar), Felis paradalis (ocelot), Felis wiedii (margay), Felis tigrina (wild cat) and Felis geoffroyi (wild cat)], taking their behaviour and habitat into consideration. When the levels of paracoccidiodin positive reactions were examined, terrestrial animals showed significantly higher rates (82.98%) while arboreal animals showed lower reactivity (22.45%) (P < 0.01). The data are relevant because there are quite a few papers regarding domestic and wild animals and this study may help the understanding of some aspects of the parasite ecology. These results point to the soil as the most probable reservoir of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and this is possibly the ecological niche of the saprophytic phase in nature.
本调查旨在研究巴西主要的地方性系统性真菌病——副球孢子菌病的流行病学特征。本研究对96只拉丁美洲野生哺乳动物进行了副球孢子菌素迟发型超敏反应试验，其中包括49只树栖动物（灵长类）：33只白喉卷尾猴（泣猴）、16只狨猴；以及47只陆生动物（食肉目）：37只南美浣熊（长鼻浣熊）和10只猫科动物[美洲豹、豹猫、长尾虎猫、南美草原猫和乔氏猫]，同时考虑了它们的行为和栖息地。当检查副球孢子菌素阳性反应水平时，陆生动物的阳性率显著更高（82.98%），而树栖动物的反应性较低（22.45%）（P < 0.01）。这些数据具有相关性，因为已有不少关于家养动物和野生动物的论文，而本研究可能有助于理解该寄生虫生态学的某些方面。这些结果表明土壤是巴西副球孢子菌最可能的储存宿主，这可能是该真菌在自然界腐生阶段的生态位。
