Moral Serrano S, Aguarón Joven E, Adán Gil F M, Pons Pons L, Baquer Masgrau A, Viejo Navarro L
Centro de Salud Almozara, Zaragoza.
Aten Primaria. 1994 Mar 31;13(5):242-6.
To find the main pathologies which give rise to self-medication, the most commonly used pharmacological groups, how these drugs are obtained and the correctness of their instructions.
Observation study of a crossover type.
An urban Health Centre.
396 patients, who attended during the months of February and March 1993 with requests for medication or who were already taking something, were selected at random--95% Confidence Interval with 0.049 exactness.
76% attended when they were already taking medication, a percentage which was significantly lower among elderly people (p < 0.001). The most common pharmacological groups were analgesics (32.6%), antibiotics (19.9%) and antiflu drugs (17.6%); and the most common pathologies were respiratory conditions with or without temperature (26.2% and 32.3% respectively). Self-medication was correct in 75.5% of cases. It was least correct for antibiotics and vitamins and in descriptions of asthenia, where, in turn, demand was more frequent than self-consumption (p < 0.001). The main reason for taking medication was its previous medical prescription (38.64%).
Patients correctly use the commonest medicines used in primary care, especially if they have been prescribed before. This suggests the importance of daily health education for each prescription, especially for the most common pathologies.
找出导致自我药疗的主要病理情况、最常用的药物类别、这些药物的获取方式以及用药说明的正确性。
交叉类型的观察性研究。
一个城市健康中心。
随机选取了396名患者，他们在1993年2月和3月前来寻求药物治疗或正在服药——精确到0.049的95%置信区间。
76%的患者前来就诊时已经在服药，这一比例在老年人中显著较低（p < 0.001）。最常见的药物类别是镇痛药（32.6%）、抗生素（19.9%）和抗流感药物（17.6%）；最常见的病理情况是有或无发热的呼吸道疾病（分别为26.2%和32.3%）。75.5%的自我药疗情况是正确的。抗生素和维生素以及在虚弱描述方面的自我药疗正确性最低，而在这些方面，需求比自我用药更为频繁（p < 0.001）。用药的主要原因是之前有过医嘱（38.64%）。
患者正确使用了初级保健中最常用的药物，尤其是那些之前有过医嘱的药物。这表明每次开处方时进行日常健康教育的重要性，特别是针对最常见的病理情况。
