Wattchow D A, Brookes S J, Costa M
Department of Surgery, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide.
Gastroenterology. 1995 Sep;109(3):866-75. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90396-8.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Myenteric ganglia in the human gastrointestinal tract contain a mixture of many different types of nerve cells that cannot be distinguished by their location. The aim of this study was to characterize different functional types of cells by using retrograde labeling in vitro to identify neurons according to their targets.
The retrograde label 1,1'-didodecyl 3,3,3',3'-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil) was applied to different target layers of human small or large intestine. After 3-5 days in organotypic culture, myenteric neurons projecting to the Dil application site were visualized and mapped using fluorescence microscopy.
Myenteric motor neurons projecting to the external muscle layer were typically unipolar cells with lamellar dendrites (Dogiel type I) and had short projections up to 16 mm long. In contrast, presumed interneurons with Dogiel type I morphology were shown to project up to 68 mm aborally or up to 38 mm orally. Multipolar Dogiel type II neurons with smooth cell bodies were labeled most frequently from the submucous plexus. No myenteric neurons were labeled by Dil applied to the mucosa.
Myenteric neurons labeled from each target had characteristic size, morphology, polarity, and length of projections, indicating that there is a high degree of organization in the human enteric nervous system.
人类胃肠道的肌间神经节包含多种不同类型的神经细胞，无法根据其位置进行区分。本研究的目的是通过体外逆行标记，根据神经元的靶标来鉴定不同功能类型的细胞。
将逆行标记物1,1'-二癸基-3,3,3',3'-吲哚羰花青高氯酸盐（Dil）应用于人类小肠或大肠的不同靶层。在器官型培养3-5天后，使用荧光显微镜观察并绘制投射到Dil应用部位的肌间神经元。
投射到外肌层的肌间运动神经元通常是具有层状树突的单极细胞（多吉尔I型），其投射较短，最长可达16毫米。相比之下，具有多吉尔I型形态的假定中间神经元向口侧投射最长可达68毫米，向肛侧投射最长可达38毫米。具有光滑细胞体的多极多吉尔II型神经元最常从黏膜下神经丛被标记。应用于黏膜的Dil未标记任何肌间神经元。
从每个靶标标记的肌间神经元具有特征性的大小、形态、极性和投射长度，表明人类肠神经系统存在高度的组织性。
