Oyofo B A, el-Gendy A, Wasfy M O, el-Etr S H, Churilla A, Murphy J
Enteric Microbiology Branch, United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, (NAMRU-3), USA.
Mil Med. 1995 Jul;160(7):331-4.
Acute gastroenteritis is a potential cause of substantial morbidity in U.S. military personnel during deployment. This study was conducted to evaluate enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea in a U.S. military population on deployment in Cairo, Egypt, during November 1993. Enteric pathogens found to be associated with cases of diarrhea included: enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), 27% (22% heat-stable [ST], 3% heat-labile [LT], and 2% ST/LT producers); Campylobacter spp., 3%; and Salmonella spp. 3%. Other enteric pathogens, namely Shigella, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Vibrio spp., Bacillus cereus, and enteric parasites, were not found in any of the 36 patients. Of the 8 patients who were ETEC-positive, three expressed colonization factor antigens (CFA)/II, and two expressed putative colonization factor antigen (PCF) 0159. All of the latter isolates produced ST. ETEC with different surface protein antigens were found to have surface hydrophobicity in the range of 0.2 M to greater than 2.0 M. Plasmid profiles of the ETEC strains showed no correlation with toxin production. In vitro susceptibility testing of the ETEC strain showed that 32% of the strains were resistant to three or more antimicrobial agents, whereas 24% showed 100% susceptibility. The enteropathogens tested were susceptible to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid, suggesting that the quinolones might be useful for the treatment of diarrheic patients.
急性肠胃炎是美国军事人员在部署期间发病率大幅上升的一个潜在原因。本研究旨在评估1993年11月在埃及开罗部署的美国军事人员中与腹泻相关的肠道病原体。发现与腹泻病例相关的肠道病原体包括：产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC），27%（22%产热稳定毒素[ST]，3%产热不稳定毒素[LT]，2%产ST/LT毒素）；弯曲杆菌属，3%；沙门氏菌属，3%。在36名患者中均未发现其他肠道病原体，即志贺氏菌、气单胞菌、邻单胞菌、弧菌属、蜡样芽孢杆菌和肠道寄生虫。在8例ETEC阳性患者中，3例表达定植因子抗原（CFA）/II，2例表达假定定植因子抗原（PCF）0159。所有后一种分离株均产生ST。发现具有不同表面蛋白抗原的ETEC表面疏水性在0.2 M至大于2.0 M范围内。ETEC菌株的质粒图谱与毒素产生无关。ETEC菌株的体外药敏试验表明，32%的菌株对三种或更多抗菌药物耐药，而24%的菌株表现出100%的敏感性。所检测的肠道病原体对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星和萘啶酸敏感，这表明喹诺酮类药物可能对腹泻患者的治疗有用。
