Drabick J J, Gambel J M, Huck E, De Young S, Hardeman L
Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.
Bull World Health Organ. 1997;75(2):109-15.
From June to October 1995, the U.S. Army's 86th Combat Support Hospital was deployed in Haiti in support of the United Nations peacekeeping mission. The hospital's mission was to provide comprehensive health care to United Nations military and civilian personnel in Haiti. The hospital's laboratory, with microbiological and parasitological capability, was a critical asset in light of the infectious disease threats in Haiti. A total of 356 microbiological (5.4%) and 887 parasitological (13.4%) tests were performed, out of a total of 6628 laboratory tests. One finding was the discovery of antibiotic-resistant urinary isolates of Escherichia coli. These were from community-acquired infections and included strains resistant to ampicillin (6/15), trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole (6/15), and ciprofloxacin (2/15). Ampicillin (8/15) and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole (3/15) resistance was also noted in Shigella spp. However, no chloroquine-resistant strains of malaria were encountered. Dengue virus, also mosquito borne, was a major pathogen. Antimicrobial-resistant nosocomial pathogens were also encountered. Deployed laboratories should be able to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and perform microbial identification to guide clinical management, conduct medical surveillance, and detect emerging resistance.
1995年6月至10月，美国陆军第86战斗支援医院部署在海地，以支持联合国维和任务。该医院的任务是为海地的联合国军事和文职人员提供全面的医疗保健服务。鉴于海地存在传染病威胁，该医院具备微生物学和寄生虫学检测能力的实验室是一项关键资产。在总共6628项实验室检测中，共进行了356项微生物检测（5.4%）和887项寄生虫检测（13.4%）。一项发现是分离出了对抗生素耐药的大肠埃希菌尿液菌株。这些菌株来自社区获得性感染，包括对氨苄西林耐药的菌株（6/15）、对甲氧苄啶+磺胺甲恶唑耐药的菌株（6/15）以及对环丙沙星耐药的菌株（2/15）。在志贺菌属中也发现了对氨苄西林（8/15）和甲氧苄啶+磺胺甲恶唑（3/15）耐药的情况。然而，未发现对氯喹耐药的疟原虫菌株。登革病毒也是通过蚊子传播的，是一种主要病原体。还遇到了耐抗菌药物的医院感染病原体。部署的实验室应能够确定抗菌药物敏感性并进行微生物鉴定，以指导临床管理、开展医学监测并检测新出现的耐药性。
