Steinman B A, Steinman S B, Lehmkuhle S
School of Optometry, University of Missouri, St Louis 63121-4499, USA.
Vision Res. 1995 Jul;35(13):1859-69. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(94)00276-r.
The sudden onset of a cue triggers visual attention, which then enhances visual processing in the zone near the cue. This enhancement causes a motion illusion in subsequent stimuli presented near the cue. At greater separations from the cue, the illusory motion reverses direction, indicating prolonged processing speed. Measurements of the strength and direction of illusory motion at increasing separations from the cue reveal an attentional 'perceptive field' with an excitatory center at the locus cued and an inhibitory surround subtending the remaining visual field. These findings help explain the traditional attentional 'benefits' and 'costs' of attention.
线索的突然出现会触发视觉注意力，进而增强线索附近区域的视觉处理。这种增强会在随后呈现于线索附近的刺激中引发运动错觉。在与线索距离更远时，错觉运动方向会反转，这表明处理速度延长。对与线索距离不断增加时错觉运动的强度和方向进行测量，揭示了一个注意力“感知场”，其在被提示位置有一个兴奋性中心，以及一个覆盖其余视野的抑制性周边区域。这些发现有助于解释传统注意力的“益处”和“代价”。
