Hibbs J, Young N S
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota Hospitals, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1995 Mar;8(1):1-23. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80230-6.
Pathogenicity is a complex process with stringent requirements of both the host cell and the infecting virion. Among these requirements are a port of entry into host cells, a means of replication for the virus, and a means by which infection damages host cells. Damage to the host can result from multiple mechanisms including transformation, suppression of cellular metabolism, apoptosis, autoimmune responses directed against infected or uninfected tissues, or by molecular mimicry. In the attempt to identify new associations between viral infection and disease, investigators should be mindful that variable host factors as well as viral infection may be required for pathogenesis. Efforts to associate specific viral infections with specific diseases may be obscured by final common pathways through which multiple agents damage host cells in similar ways.
致病性是一个复杂的过程，对宿主细胞和感染性病毒粒子都有严格要求。这些要求包括进入宿主细胞的途径、病毒的复制方式以及感染损害宿主细胞的方式。对宿主的损害可由多种机制引起，包括转化、细胞代谢抑制、凋亡、针对感染或未感染组织的自身免疫反应，或分子模拟。在试图确定病毒感染与疾病之间的新关联时，研究人员应注意，发病机制可能需要多种宿主因素以及病毒感染。将特定病毒感染与特定疾病联系起来的努力可能会因多种病原体以相似方式损害宿主细胞的最终共同途径而受到影响。
