Brauer M
Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada.
J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1995 Jan-Mar;5(1):45-56.
A portable nephelometer was used to assess particulate levels inside and outside of homes with indoor air impacted by biomass combustion. Simultaneous sampling with PM10 and PM2.5 inertial impactors was undertaken to determine the relationship between particle light scattering coefficient (sigma sp) and particle mass concentration. Measurements were conducted in 22 homes in rural Mexico and in 6 homes in rural British Columbia, Canada. In both areas, biomass combustion resulted in high levels of fine particulates, mainly indoors in Mexico and outdoors in British Columbia. Comparisons were made between the average of the nephelometer sigma sp (unheated nephelometer inlet stream) and the measured particle mass (PM10 and PM2.5) during a defined sampling duration. The two measurements were highly correlated (r2 values of 0.79-0.96) over a wide range of particle mass concentrations (10-1600 micrograms/m3). A stronger correlation was observed for PM2.5 than for PM10. Colocated outdoor nephelometer and impactor measurements were poorly correlated (r2 = 0.50). Substantially different relationships were observed between the Mexico and British Columbia particulate, indicating the importance of particle composition and ambient conditions as factors affecting light scattering, even indoors. However, in a given series of similar indoor environments, the relationship between particle light scattering and mass concentration is stable enough to use independent nephelometer measurements as estimates of mass concentrations. The fast-response, continuous measurement, portability and datalogging capabilities of this nephelometer, combined with its ease of use, make this an important measurement tool to be used in conjunction with traditional filter sampling in the assessment of indoor particle levels and the evaluation of sources.
使用便携式浊度仪评估因生物质燃烧而使室内空气受影响的家庭室内外的颗粒物水平。同时使用PM10和PM2.5惯性撞击器进行采样，以确定颗粒光散射系数（sigma sp）与颗粒质量浓度之间的关系。测量在墨西哥农村的22户家庭以及加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚农村的6户家庭中进行。在这两个地区，生物质燃烧都导致了高浓度的细颗粒物，在墨西哥主要是室内，在不列颠哥伦比亚则是室外。在规定的采样期间，对浊度仪sigma sp的平均值（未加热的浊度仪进气流）与测量的颗粒质量（PM10和PM2.5）进行了比较。在很宽的颗粒质量浓度范围（10 - 1600微克/立方米）内，这两项测量高度相关（r2值为0.79 - 0.96）。观察到PM2.5的相关性比PM10更强。并置的室外浊度仪和撞击器测量结果相关性较差（r2 = 0.50）。在墨西哥和不列颠哥伦比亚的颗粒物之间观察到了显著不同的关系，这表明颗粒组成和环境条件作为影响光散射的因素的重要性，即使在室内也是如此。然而，在一系列给定的相似室内环境中，颗粒光散射与质量浓度之间的关系足够稳定，以至于可以使用独立的浊度仪测量结果来估计质量浓度。这种浊度仪的快速响应、连续测量、便携性和数据记录能力，再加上其易于使用的特点，使其成为在评估室内颗粒水平和源评价中与传统滤膜采样结合使用的重要测量工具。
