Ernst E, Resch K L
Centre for Complementary Health Studies, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter.
BMJ. 1995 Aug 26;311(7004):551-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.311.7004.551.
We often and wrongly equate the response seen in the placebo arm of a clinical trial with the placebo effect. In order to obtain the true placebo effect, other non-specific effects can be identified by including an untreated control group in clinical trials. A review of the literature shows that most authors confuse the perceived placebo effect with the true placebo effect. The true placebo effect is highly variable, depending on several factors that are not fully understood. A distinction between the perceived and the true placebo effects would be helpful in understanding the complex phenomena involved in a placebo response.
我们常常错误地将临床试验中安慰剂组出现的反应等同于安慰剂效应。为了获得真正的安慰剂效应，可通过在临床试验中纳入未接受治疗的对照组来识别其他非特异性效应。文献综述表明，大多数作者将感知到的安慰剂效应与真正的安慰剂效应混为一谈。真正的安慰剂效应差异很大，取决于一些尚未完全了解的因素。区分感知到的安慰剂效应和真正的安慰剂效应，将有助于理解安慰剂反应中涉及的复杂现象。
