Goverde H J, Dekker H S, Janssen H J, Bastiaans B A, Rolland R, Zielhuis G A
Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Catholic University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud. 1995 May-Jun;40(3):135-8.
To study the contribution of smoking and alcohol consumption to semen quality.
Retrospective analysis.
University-based fertility clinic.
Smoking and alcohol consumption were investigated in a control group (68) and in a group of 47 subjects with defined poor semen quality (PSQ). The control group was composed of subjects whose semen showed a greater than 60% morphological normality, a greater than 60% motility with a linear progression, and a density of greater than 20 million spermatozoa/mL. The group with PSQ was composed of subjects whose semen showed a less than 30% morphological normality, less than 60% motility, characterized by slow, weak motility, and a density of less than 20 million spermatozoa/mL. Medical dossiers were studied regarding the life style of the subjects.
The distribution of heavy smokers and light smokers did not differ statistically between the groups. There appeared to be a higher, but statistically insignificant, proportion of heavy smokers in the PSQ group (50%) compared to the control group (32.3%; P < .1); nor were significant differences found between cases and controls with respect to alcohol consumption pattern. In the PSQ group, a comparison of the semen characteristics of the daily drinkers with those of all the other subfertile patients showed no statistical difference concerning semen volume (4.1 +/- 1.9 vs. 3.3 +/- 1.3 mL; P > .1), sperm density (10.6 +/- 7.8 vs. 8.9 +/- 5.8 million spermatozoa/mL; P > or = .1), and percentage of motile spermatozoa (27.0 +/- 15.1 vs. 25.5 +/- 16.1%; P > .1). However, a lower percentage of normal sperm morphology was observed in the daily-drinker group (17.6 +/- 7.2% vs. 23.0 +/- 6.5% for the other subfertile patients; P < .05).
Factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption do not seem to play a pivotal role in the etiology of poor semen quality, but a pattern of excessive alcohol consumption may decrease further an already low percentage of sperm with normal morphology.
研究吸烟和饮酒对精液质量的影响。
回顾性分析。
大学附属医院生殖医学中心。
对对照组（68例）和47例精液质量明确较差（PSQ）的患者进行吸烟和饮酒情况调查。对照组患者精液形态正常率大于60%，直线运动精子活力大于60%，精子密度大于2000万/mL。精液质量较差组患者精液形态正常率小于30%，精子活力小于60%，且运动缓慢、活力弱，精子密度小于2000万/mL。研究病历中患者的生活方式。
两组重度吸烟者和轻度吸烟者的分布无统计学差异。精液质量较差组重度吸烟者比例（50%）高于对照组（32.3%；P<0.1），但差异无统计学意义；病例组和对照组饮酒模式也无显著差异。在精液质量较差组中，比较每日饮酒者与其他所有亚生育患者的精液特征，发现精液量（4.1±1.9 vs. 3.3±1.3 mL；P>0.1）、精子密度（10.6±7.8 vs. 8.9±5.8万/mL；P≥0.1）和活动精子百分比（27.0±15.1 vs. 25.5±16.1%；P>0.1）无统计学差异。然而，每日饮酒者组正常精子形态的百分比低于其他亚生育患者组（17.6±7.2% vs. 23.0±6.5%；P<0.05）。
吸烟和饮酒等因素似乎在精液质量差的病因中不起关键作用，但过量饮酒模式可能会使本已较低的正常形态精子百分比进一步降低。
