Ermini-Fünfschilling D, Meier D
Memory Clinic Geriatrische Universitätsklinik, Basel, Schweiz.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 1995 May-Jun;28(3):190-4.
At the Memory Clinic in Basel we provide long-term memory training as part of our "milieu therapy". Mildly demented elderly out-patients attend weekly group sessions of 60 min for a special semistructured memory training. The goal is to relearn and practice strategies which help to preserve or extend the phase of autonomy and thus life quality and self-esteem. In several studies we tested the efficiency of the training on mood, global mental status, short-term memory, cognitive flexibility, and quality of life by comparing the performance of groups of patients attending the memory training to nontreated matched control groups after 1 year. We found that depression scores improved in a treated group and worsened in a control group, independently of diagnosis. Global mental status as measured by Mini-Mental-State Examination and performance on a figural and verbal fluency task remained stable for the memory training groups and declined in the control groups. Short-term memory declined in both groups, however, significantly only in the nontreated groups. The individual quality of life schedule showed stable or improved scores for the treated group and lower scores for the control group. We conjecture from these results that memory training is effective in mildly demented out-patients in delaying the progression of cognitive deficits.
在巴塞尔的记忆诊所，我们提供长期记忆训练，作为“环境疗法”的一部分。轻度痴呆的老年门诊患者每周参加一次时长60分钟的小组课程，进行特殊的半结构化记忆训练。目标是重新学习和练习有助于维持或延长自主阶段的策略，从而提高生活质量和自尊。在多项研究中，我们通过比较参加记忆训练的患者组与未接受治疗的匹配对照组在1年后的表现，测试了该训练对情绪、整体精神状态、短期记忆、认知灵活性和生活质量的效果。我们发现，治疗组的抑郁评分有所改善，而对照组则恶化，与诊断无关。通过简易精神状态检查表测量的整体精神状态以及在图形和语言流畅性任务中的表现，记忆训练组保持稳定，而对照组则下降。两组的短期记忆均有所下降，但仅在未治疗组中显著下降。个人生活质量量表显示，治疗组的分数稳定或提高，而对照组的分数较低。我们从这些结果推测，记忆训练对轻度痴呆的门诊患者延缓认知缺陷的进展是有效的。
