Katon W, Hollifield M, Chapman T, Mannuzza S, Ballenger J, Fyer A
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle 98195-2519, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 1995 Mar-Apr;29(2):121-31. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(95)00006-q.
Primary care patients with infrequent panic attacks were found to have similar levels of disability in their social, family and vocational functioning to patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for panic disorder. Both panic subgroups had significantly more functional disability than controls. Patients with panic and infrequent panic had significantly more Axis I psychiatric comorbidity than primary care controls but similar levels of medical comorbidity. Patients with panic disorder had a significantly higher prevalence of one or more other lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, current major depression, and current DSM-III-R depressive symptoms compared to patients with infrequent panic. Patients with infrequent panic scored as high on the NEO personality measure of neuroticism as patients with panic disorder, and both panic subgroups had significantly higher neuroticism levels than controls.
研究发现，偶尔发作惊恐障碍的初级保健患者在社交、家庭和职业功能方面的残疾程度与符合DSM-III-R惊恐障碍标准的患者相似。两个惊恐亚组的功能残疾均显著多于对照组。与初级保健对照组相比，惊恐障碍患者和偶尔发作惊恐障碍的患者在轴I精神共病方面显著更多，但在躯体共病水平上相似。与偶尔发作惊恐障碍的患者相比，惊恐障碍患者出现一种或多种其他终生精神疾病诊断、当前重度抑郁以及当前DSM-III-R抑郁症状的患病率显著更高。偶尔发作惊恐障碍的患者在大五人格量表神经质维度上的得分与惊恐障碍患者一样高，且两个惊恐亚组的神经质水平均显著高于对照组。
