O'Loughlin E V, Notaras E, McCullough C, Halliday J, Henry R L
Department of Paediatrics, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1995 Jun;31(3):189-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1995.tb00783.x.
To determine the source of medical advice to parents and treatment administered at home for children admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis.
A questionnaire was completed by the parents of 231 children admitted during a 12 month period.
The majority of children had seen their family doctor or an after-hours doctor prior to admission. Clear fluids were used for two-thirds but an oral rehydration solution (ORS) was used in only one-third of children. Medications were used for half, including antibiotics (19%), antidiarrhoeals (9%), antiemetics (7%) and paracetamol (27%). Inpatient assessment suggested that the majority of children had no or mild dehydration.
Appropriate oral rehydration is underutilized and medications are overprescribed for the treatment of acute gastroenteritis. Family doctors continue to be the major source of advice for parents. Increased use of ORS at home may reduce hospitalization rates but attempts to change these practices should be directed at parents and family doctors.
确定因急性肠胃炎入院儿童的家长所获取医疗建议的来源以及在家中接受的治疗。
对在12个月期间入院的231名儿童的家长进行问卷调查。
大多数儿童在入院前看过家庭医生或非工作时间医生。三分之二的儿童使用了清水，但只有三分之一的儿童使用了口服补液盐（ORS）。一半儿童使用了药物，包括抗生素（19%）、止泻药（9%）、止吐药（7%）和对乙酰氨基酚（27%）。住院评估表明，大多数儿童没有脱水或仅有轻度脱水。
在急性肠胃炎的治疗中，适当的口服补液未得到充分利用，药物却被过度开具。家庭医生仍是家长获取建议的主要来源。在家中增加ORS的使用可能会降低住院率，但改变这些做法的努力应针对家长和家庭医生。
