Fox B H
Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 1995 Mar;9(3):245-53; discussion 253-6.
The relationships between psychological variables and the presence of cancer, its prediction, and the prediction of cancer mortality and course of disease have been studied extensively. From a limited list of about 50 such variables, the following have been the focus of the most intensive research and are discussed in this report: human and animal stress; bereavement; depressed mood; psychosis, especially schizophrenia; suppression of emotions, especially anger; helplessness and hopelessness; social support; and psychotherapeutic intervention. For all of these variables, studies have shown both positive relationships and absence of relationships. The evidence against any such relationship is strongest for human stress, depressed mood, psychosis, and bereavement. Studies of animal stress show that it stimulates the development of cancers of viral origin and exacerbates their growth, while inhibiting the development and progression of chemically induced cancers. For the other factors, the literature remains contradictory.
心理变量与癌症的存在、其预测以及癌症死亡率和疾病进程的预测之间的关系已得到广泛研究。在约50个此类变量的有限清单中，以下是最深入研究的重点，并在本报告中进行讨论：人类和动物的应激；丧亲之痛；抑郁情绪；精神病，尤其是精神分裂症；情绪抑制，尤其是愤怒；无助和绝望；社会支持；以及心理治疗干预。对于所有这些变量，研究既显示出正相关关系，也显示出无相关关系。对于人类应激、抑郁情绪、精神病和丧亲之痛，反对任何此类关系的证据最为确凿。对动物应激的研究表明，它会刺激病毒源性癌症的发展并加剧其生长，同时抑制化学诱导癌症的发展和进展。对于其他因素，文献仍然相互矛盾。
