Ash J B, Piazza E
Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Int J Eat Disord. 1995 Jul;18(1):27-38. doi: 10.1002/1098-108x(199507)18:1<27::aid-eat2260180104>3.0.co;2-q.
This exploratory study examined demographic and symptomatological changes in eating-disordered children and adolescents over the last three decades. Medical records of the first 33 consecutive eating disorder admissions to the psychosomatic/psychiatric units of a children's hospital in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s were reviewed. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and chi square analyses were performed to ascertain changes in demographics, clinical history, height and weight, psychiatric diagnoses, and eating disorder symptoms/signs. In addition, regression analyses were conducted to discern changes in the total number of eating disorder admissions (medical and psychiatric services inclusive) between 1970 and 1990. Results revealed significant symptomatological changes over the three decades. While the majority of somatically based signs have decreased, psychically based symptoms have either remained stable or even increased. Results suggest that newer eating disorder variants (bulimia nervosa and atypical eating disorder) are not replacing the traditional category of anorexia nervosa, rather, eating disorders are becoming more widespread and heterogeneous. Alternative explanations are discussed.
这项探索性研究调查了过去三十年中患有饮食失调症的儿童和青少年的人口统计学和症状学变化。回顾了一家儿童医院心身科/精神科在20世纪70年代、80年代和90年代连续收治的首批33例饮食失调症患者的病历。进行方差分析（ANOVA）和卡方分析，以确定人口统计学、临床病史、身高和体重、精神科诊断以及饮食失调症状/体征的变化。此外，进行回归分析以了解1970年至1990年间饮食失调症入院总数（包括医疗和精神科服务）的变化。结果显示，在这三十年中症状学有显著变化。虽然大多数基于躯体的体征有所减少，但基于心理的症状要么保持稳定，甚至有所增加。结果表明，较新的饮食失调变体（神经性贪食症和非典型饮食失调症）并没有取代传统的神经性厌食症类别，相反，饮食失调症正变得更加普遍和多样化。文中讨论了其他解释。
